The Revolution of Self Through Biography

The late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries in Ireland and Turkey can be seen as a period marked by competing visions for self-governance. Political oppression, social decline, and repeated uprisings inspired many committed writers to promote a sense of collective destiny as a remedy for national uncertainty. Among these writers were Constance Georgine Markievicz and Halide Edib Adivar, revolutionary female leaders whose rebellious spirit and activism had a global impact in the formative years of their nations. Notable parallels between their lives and their pivotal roles in the social change and cultural transformation of their country make them compelling subjects for comparison. This book deepens this comparative analysis through historiographical and narratological frameworks that focus on memory and literary form. It argues that Constance Markievicz and Halide Edib Adivar’s works are textual efforts to uncover the truths obscured by the dominant and official narratives of Irish and Turkish politics, moving from individual experiences to collective ones. Additionally, the book highlights the close connection between the writers’ sociopolitical activism and their literary output. This book explores Constance Markievicz and Halide Edib Adivar as exemplary writers of their generation who, through both their fiction and life writings, advocate for collective action. Their works mark a significant transition from resistance narratives to revolutionary ones, reflecting broader trajectories relevant to Irish and Turkish women. These female figures were chosen for analysis due to their significant efforts to advance women’s equality, emancipation, and empowerment, strengthening their roles in both private and public life. The similarities between these two authors in terms of family background, character traits, and literary and intellectual pursuits make them fitting subjects for comparative analysis. Despite the various obstacles they faced, their bold and decisive actions, alongside their vulnerable emotional landscapes and efforts, center on questions of female self-representation and empowerment. We witness the revelation of self in the form of revolutionary nationalists and political activists through Halide Edib’s and Countess Constance Markievicz’s autobiography. Their text serves as a platform for leaving their mark on existence, transcending the silenced and invisible identities traditionally shaped by a male-dominated society. Despite their fragile inner worlds and tumultuous personal lives, their efforts primarily center on questions of existence and independence, Halide Edib Adivar and Constance Markievicz, both embodying an anti-imperial perspective, played a crucial role in revitalizing the cultural memory of their nations while responding to the prevailing imperial authority through radical societal changes and an elevation of women’s status. They championed native culture, historical heritage, and national independence by advocating anti-imperialism and actively challenging patriarchy, colonial practices, cultural imperialism, and the masculinized national narratives of their time. As eccentric and rebellious nationalists, they sought various ways to assert their national identity and self-determination against imperial powers. Their opposition to authority united them on a shared political platform during a tumultuous era of feminist nationalism and political activism. Drawing inspiration from their cultural backgrounds, they critiqued patriarchal authority and imperial ideologies in their communities.