Kunihiko Kaneko has been a Professor at the University of Tokyo for twenty-seven years, teaching mathematical biology, biophysics, and complex systems, and he is currently at the Niels Bohr Institute. He was also Stanislaw Ulam Fellow at Los Alamos National Laboratory, visiting professor at Osaka University (Frontier Biosciences), University of Lyon, Freiburg University, and part of the external faculty of Santa Fe Institute, a member of the Institute of Advanced Studies at Princeton, and is a Founding Director of Center for Complex Systems Biology and Universal Biology Institute at the University of Tokyo.